There are several options for accessing U.S. Census data, depending on your need.
For quick statistics on population, economic indicators, and other demographic data, the Census Bureau Data website is a great option.
For data on more specific geographic areas, like counties, cities, or census tracts, try Social Explorer. This database allows you to create maps based on a range of variables or to download the data into tables to analyze on your own.
For detailed individual-level data (also known as microdata), try IPUMS USA.
If you have more questions, please stop by the Social Sciences Help Desk on Level 1 or contact the Social Sciences Data Librarian.